SMALL LIFE · BIG ENCOUNTERS

Critterguide

Recognise Dauin's muck-diving stars and learn where and how to search responsibly.

01Sightings are never guaranteed.
02Never touch animals or shelters.
03Behaviour comes before the image.
Blue-ringed octopus
Species photo · 01

Hapalochlaena

Blue-ringed octopus

Identification
Small and often inconspicuous; vivid blue rings are most visible when the animal feels threatened.
Habitat
Sand, rubble, shells and small holes.
Promising sites
Approach tip

Keep well away and never block its escape. Highly venomous: never touch or provoke it.

Mimic octopus
Illustration · 02

Thaumoctopus mimicus

Mimic octopus

Identification
Slender octopus with contrasting pale and dark bands that changes posture and movement.
Habitat
Open sand and silt with small shelters.
Promising sites
Approach tip

Keep your distance and wait for natural behaviour.

Coconut octopus
Species photo · 03

Amphioctopus marginatus

Coconut octopus

Identification
Distinct dark lines; may carry shells or coconut halves as a portable shelter.
Habitat
Soft sand with loose shells and debris.
Promising sites
Approach tip

Wait for the animal to interact with its shelter on its own.

Frogfish
Atmosphere image · 04

Antennariidae

Frogfish

Identification
Stocky body, leg-like pectoral fins and a lure above the mouth.
Habitat
Sponges, rocks, tyres, rubble and coral edges.
Promising sites
Approach tip

Find the mouth, eye and lure before repositioning your camera.

Flamboyant cuttlefish
Species image · 05

Metasepia pfefferi

Flamboyant cuttlefish

Identification
Small cuttlefish with striking colour patterns and arm-like movement over the bottom.
Habitat
Dark sand and rubble.
Promising sites
Approach tip

Never disturb it simply to trigger a colour change.

Seahorse
Species image · 06

Hippocampus

Seahorse

Identification
Upright body, curved neck, tube-shaped snout and prehensile tail.
Habitat
Seagrass, hydroids and sheltered structures.
Promising sites
Approach tip

Approach from the side and limit flashes. A turned-away head may signal stress.

Ghost pipefish
Species photo · 07

Solenostomidae

Ghost pipefish

Identification
A thin, leaf-like body often hanging vertically among seagrass or soft growth.
Habitat
Seagrass, coral edges and overgrown structures.
Promising sites
Approach tip

Look for a shape that moves slightly differently from its surroundings.

Harlequin shrimp
Species image · 08

Hymenocera picta

Harlequin shrimp

Identification
White body with large coloured spots and broad, leaf-like claws.
Habitat
Under rocks and on sheltered reef edges, often near sea stars.
Promising sites
Approach tip

Never move rocks or sea stars to arrange a photograph.

Nudibranch
Species photo · 09

Nudibranchia

Nudibranch

Identification
Shell-less sea slug, often colourful, with rhinophores and external gills.
Habitat
Almost any habitat, usually near its specific food source.
Promising sites
Approach tip

Focus on the rhinophores and never move the animal or its food.

Mantis shrimp
Species photo · 10

Stomatopoda

Mantis shrimp

Identification
Stalked eyes and powerful raptorial limbs. The image shows a peacock mantis shrimp, one species in this diverse group.
Habitat
Burrows in sand, rubble, rocks and artificial structures.
Promising sites
Approach tip

Stay outside the burrow and never insert fingers, camera or pointer.

GOOD MACRO DIVING

Observe without directing

A rare animal is not a prop. Leave it where it is, reduce light and flashes if behaviour changes, and give other divers space.

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